Therapeutic education for sickle cell patients is an ongoing process, integrated into care, and patient-centered. It involves organized awareness-raising, information-sharing, self-management training, and psychological support regarding the disease, prescribed treatment, care, the hospital and care setting, organizational information, and health and illness behaviors.

It aims to help patients and their families understand the disease and treatment, cooperate with caregivers, live healthier lives, and maintain or improve their quality of life. It is adapted to the patient's age and the clinical characteristics of major sickle cell syndrome. Sickle cell disease is a disease with no cure except for bone marrow transplantation, which remains inaccessible to the majority of families in sub-Saharan Africa. Patients and their families must therefore learn to live with the disease.

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Therapeutic education is a learning of skills with the aim of improving the quality of life of patients and helping families acquire knowledge about complications, improving and making the patient's care pathway intelligible, strengthening knowledge about social care in adolescents and adult patients, supporting adult patients in their family building project, and enabling patients and families to verbalize their lived experience.